We sexualise things

I was in Alexandria for a vacation couple of days ago, you know, it’s a beautiful coastal city, lots to enjoy and beauty of nature to set eyes on along with malls, so it kinda suits all tastes. But this isn’t what I wanted to write about.
I was indulging myself in the beauty of sea one day, meditating, watching the beauty of mother nature around me then decided it’d be nice to go for a swim, which I did.
There were two newly wed couples hugging each other in the water, talking and swimming, you know, like what any two newly wed couples would do and that’s cool. But what wasn’t cool was the comments of the people about them, all implying sexual stuff, even one kid, about a 7 or 8 years old said:”if they are doing “this” in front of people, what are they doing when they go home?”. Now, “this” he was talking about was the act of them hugging each other in water.
You’d think that because we are such a “religious” society, a society that loves “morals” so much, a “conservative” society, we would be a little less pervert but it doesn’t look like that’s right.
We are a society where 80% of women have experienced some sort of sexual harassment on the street. And I think that story I just narrated in the above lines explains part of the reason why sexual harassment has become such an infestation in the society.
We always, in one way or another, think about sex. We have many words, and even numbers (and I’m not talking about the famous 69), that are expressions of sex, or imply something sexual. Even when we speak about something, in my opinion, spiritual, as marriage, which I see as a sacred union between two people, somehow, the talk always turns sexual.
If you keep constantly thinking about a certain thing you’ll never feel like you had enough of it, that’s a theory of mine, this is why when you think too much about sex, in the way I just described, it’s normal that you can’t get enough of it and thus it’d be normal that sexual harassment become such a problem, especially when you sexualise everything, kisses, hugs and even, in sometimes, holding hands. Then you start thinking about sex most of the time, trying to get satisfied is something you mainly think about, sometimes to the extent that one woman is just not enough.
I’m not saying that we shouldn’t talk about sex, but in an enlightened way, a scientific method that would help us know better about sex, respect it and know that it’s something to be honoured not made fun of, or spoken about so lightly, to be the talk of the gathering when they run out of topics to have conversations about. Also know that when a person wants to fulfil his sexual desires he has to do so without harassing other women, without showing disrespect to them and their bodies.

Parenting: How much parenting is good parenting?

I have a great interest in reading social issues related polls on Facebook or any other site out there on the internet, checking out the results, reading hashtags that talk about social issues on Twitter and so. After all, who isn't curious to take a look inside people's homes, even if it's just a glimpse through poll results, or funny tweets in a hashtag on Twitter, mo matter how shallow you might perceive it, if you looked closely and carefully, you might see something deep in them.
From these readings and looks, glimpse here and a glimpse there I realised something: our homes (may be it's just in Egypt ,since most of the polls and hashtags I read are about Egyptian society, but I think this may be a world wide thing) really are more or less alike, as one user described it on Twitter:" I feel as if they made copies of my parents and put one copy in every home out there :D".
He might sound like he's joking but that is true, it's like there are some parenting rules that parents follow, or an instinct, something in our genes that no matter how we think, or well, our parents, think they're different from each other, they're actually the same deep down. Even if they look at themselves as being "more liberal and open minded" that "open mind-ness" is still limited, it's just that some have different boundaries or some have different fields upon which they impose such limitations (like parents who have limitations regarding social issues, others have limitations regarding political issues, or imposing their opinion on their kids because "we're older so we are just right"). Only few make it out of these limits or rules but they say irregularities emphasise rules (or so they say here in Egypt).
Parents are our safety nets, they're are..well, our parents, they protect us, they may get even too protective while doing so, but we can't blame them, they want what's best for us, they see themselves more experienced and they want to pass this experience along to us. They want us to avoid making the same mistakes they once did, to avoid living through the rough circumstances they had to live and go through.
But how much protection is too protecting?how much guidance is allowed before guidance and advice turn into interference in your kids's lives that cancels out their personalities, making them grow up so dependent on you that they can't cut it out their on their own because they have been floating in a jar filled with your ideas and opinions about life that they can't make their own while living out there in real life, just like a fish dragged out of water to land?
One thing I noticed in common between Twitter users and poll takers on the web, they have an issue with their parents because their parents want to choose for them, of course the problem ranges, some parents interfere about what college should the kids go to, what classes to study, what jobs to seek, some even interfere about who to marry or even what political point of view or party to adopt and follow. The problem can be felt in Egypt because of the different social standards, customs and habits of the Egyptian society from say, a western society. We grow very attached to our parents.
Our religion, as muslims , asks us to be good and kind to our parents, look after them and obey them, within limits of course, but in a society that uses religion to impose ideas and wrong concepts even if they're not mentioned in religion, the society has a good talent of twisting religion, and pretty much anything, to give power to ideas it tries to impose on members, especially those who think differently (try being a socialist in a capitalism-loving family or a social reformist in a family that believes in old values that you're trying to fight and reform).
Take for example a well know argument they resort to when they speak about how obedient you should be to your parents, when they speak about prophet Ibrahim (Abrahams in English if I'm not mistaken) and how his son agreed to be slaughtered when Ibrahim said that he saw a dream of him slaughtering his son, or when Ibrahim asked the same son to divorce his wife, after she complained about her husband, Ibrahim's son, and how poor they are and how Ibrahim's son doesn't spend more money on the house (both stories are in our religion) , but they forget one thing: they're not prophets. Their opinion can be right as much as it can be wrong.
What they can do is pass us, their kids, their knowledge, their experience and their points of views to help us make a more enlightened decision, because after all, this is our life, if it's a good call we yield the results, if it's a bad one, we are the ones who have to deal with consequences.
Yes, we are young, sometimes foolish, from our parents point of view, but you can't try to put pressure, use your kids love to you for instance, in order to push your kids in the direction you think it's right, because the prospective of right and wrong can change from person to person, can vary according to goals and circumstances, what was right few years ago may not be right now, what's right for him may not be right for you.
And yes, kids will err, they will fall and they will hurt, it's nature of life, hold on too tightly and this would be damaging to them than actually erring and learning from it, they may try to get some freedom of their own, snitch some when you're not looking, resulting in quiet a reckless personality or would result in a weak one, but if you let go too much it won't give nice results either, families have been destroyed because of letting go too much, something between both will do the trick.
Support them when they fall, guide them out of the trouble if you can, the whole "I told you so" or "I was right" attitude would award you being their last resort when they're in trouble, and no parent would want to be his kids last resort, right?

Be friends with your kids and listen to them, after all, all what you wish for them is a happy life not to be their boss or prove to them that you are always right.

This is not Islam

Took me a while till I decided to write my opinion about the recent events of attacking the US embassies in Egypt and Libya.
I'm aware of the attack led by the Republican party in the US, especially that of Sarah Palin, saying that president obama must "grow sticks", and that may be one of the motives for me to write this article.

First, I'd like to express my deep sorrow for the attacks, and the murder of the US ambassador in Benghazi, who was considered by some Libyans as a personal friend, was held in a great esteem especially by the Libyans because he was one of the first diplomats to support the Libyan revolution against the Gaddafi and their claiming of their rights, also was one of the first diplomats to enter Libya while the bombing and the fights were on (if my information was correct).
What happened is something against the teaching of prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) and the rules of Islam, the late Ambassador trusted the Libyans with his life and as an Ambassador, he's like a messenger in medieval ages, we are supposed to protect him, as muslims, even if we loath his country (which we don't, we may object to some decisions of the American government but we never hate the American people).
Prophet Mohammed himself didn't respond to those who insulted and hurt him, in fact, he spared the lives of those who hurt him, tortured the weak muslims and even killed his uncle and some of his companions. He taught us to forgive and ask God to guide for those who insult us or our religion.
Our religion tells us not to dis other people 's religion, not to curse and make fun of other people's Gods.

Second, I'd like to remind Mrs. Sarah Palin of Afghanistan and Iraq, how "growing sticks" in the times of the Bush administration resulted in millions of lives lost, on both sides and lose of trillions of dollars, and for the sake of avenging the victims of a terrorist attack (which was carried by people who claim to be muslims yet everything they did was against our religion, even if we are at war with another country, our religion asks us NEVER to kill an innocent civilian, so definitely our religion doesn't ask us to go to another country and kill thousands of innocent citizens there, including muslims among them) caused a huge cripple in the economy, resulting in the death of 25,000 American citizens due to lack of health care every year.
Growing sticks doesn't solve problems, it helps to make them worse, it causes deaths, it causes American families pain because of the loss of sons, fathers and brothers.

I am aware the American government has nothing to do with the insulting movie about the prophet Mohammed and I don't blame them nor do I blame the American people.
I think that we as muslims should have responded to the movie by ignoring it, it wouldn't have spread like that if we ignored it in the first place, or even better, help people know better about our religion, tell the people how forgiving our religion is and how civilised it really is.

In the end, I'd like to repeat my apologies for the murder of the Ambassador in Libya and the attack on the Embassy in Egypt, this really has got nothing to do with our religion, it's against it actually.

Give me an indonesia style!

I have recently read this article in Nytimes about the vision of the Muslim brotherhood in Egypt, when it comes to social life at least.
It's practices like these that led to people all over the world to reject the authority of religion and theocracies over their life, determining their rights because they know these people who speak for religion, claiming they represent religion, will always resort to manipulating people, shifting the meanings of clear verses, bend the truth for their benefit.
And I think that thing we saw couple of weeks ago, regarding the loan Egypt just took out for 4 billion dollars, proves my point. Truth was bent, supporters of MB who used to say that interests of loans are religiously forbidden suddenly started claiming that they are just "administrative fees".
Worse thing is, no one talked about the effect of the loan on Egypt, no one cared, everyone was on about "the MBs are hypocrites, they do what they rejected and objected to when Mubarak was in charge" or "they didn't do a Mubarak strategy taking out a loan, it's perfectly "halal" because the interest is an "administrative fee"".
This really does prove that the MBs are not visionary leaders, they claim they have "broad lines and framework" for most of the aspects concerning Egypt, economically and socially..etc, but I don't think that claim is good either.
Any one can have a broad line, I had a broad line and framework for Egypt since I was nine because we had to write one in the "paragraph" back in school (a question where they ask you to write couple of lines on a certain topic and end up giving you 7.5/8 no matter what you wrote as long as you wrote many lines).
But, I digress, this article is mainly intended to show how the MBs don't like setting boundaries and exact definitions for most of the expressions they use as mentioned in the fore mentioned article of NYtimes. Such shortage of definitions and strict boundaries and limitations, along with their claiming to be speaking for religion, twisting facts and religion to merely serve their needs and support their decisions, would led to people, fed up of them.
People don't want to be oppressed, suppressed, women role cut, I know I don't want that, so they be just a follower in society (this is so not from the religion because actually, prophet mohammed used to ask his wives for advice, even because of an advice from one of his wives, muslims were saved on the "Hudaybeya" treaty).
Then, we might either end up having a Sudan style revolution (I really don't hope much for that, enough blood has been spilt already) or an Indonesia style rejection of MBs.
I hope if any MB member read this to take it as a wake up call, having a vision, a solid one, and announcing it to the public is a lot better than being like water, shape according to the situation to the extent that you lose your true face, people don't like that, voters don't like shape-shifters.
Even if people didn't like your vision, then you can have a nation wide discussion concerning that vision, but people will a lot more safer than trying to speculate what you got in your head for them.

مرسي رئيساً

قعدت اكتب كتير و امسح لأني بكل بساطة مش عارف اكتب ايه كمقدمة للموضوع،فهدخل في الموضوع وخلاص.
الموضوع هو أداء مرسي في الرئاسة من ساعة ما مسكها،ناس تشتم وناس تدافع وناس تنقد وناس تشتم اللي بينقد وتباين كتير في آراء الناس حوالين اداؤه.
فقررت ادلدل دلوي أنا كمان كمواطن مصري عندي ٢١ سنة ولو كنت أصغر أو أكبر مش هتفرق كتير لأني حقي كمواطن أقول رأيي أياً كان.
اولاً، انا مبهور بحركة فتح القميص اللي عملها وشايف انها مالهاش اي لازمة من اي ناحية سياسية غير انه حاول يستميل الشعب ناحيته والحركة نجحت واستمالت كتير من الشعب وحسوا ان رئيسهم معاهم...أنا مع الشعب!
ثانياً،سفره للسعودية عشان خاطر مصلحة البلدين ده شيئ كويس ومصر لا يمكن تنهض إلا يعلاقات قوية مع الدول العربية..على الأقل النهضة هتبقى اسهل بدعم من الدول المحيطة،و كمان اهي فرصة يكلم عاهر السعودية على الجيزاوي وإن كانت المحادثات فشلت،اهوه..حاول
العمرة..العمرة دي حاجة شخصية،مش شغل للبلد،مش حاجة تفيدني أو تهمني كمواطن...دي حاجة سخصية خاصة بيك وتفيدك انت..تتعمل في أجازتك،أنت موظف في الدولة،حاجاتك الشخصية تتعمل في أجازتك كش في وقت عملك.إزاي أنت عايز موظفين الدولة يلتزموا إزاي وأنت كموظف في الدولة مش ملتزم بشغلك ومش حريص عليه..جايز أكون أنا غلطان بس ده رأيي.
النقطة الكبيرة بقى...حركة إلغاء حكم المحكمة الدستورية بإحلال مجلس السعب واللغط والهرج ومالمرج اللي حصل بعدها بسبب الموضوع ده..
بقى يا راجل الناس بتوصيك على المعتقلين في سجون العسكر والمحاكمين عسكرياً من قبل اما نتيجتك تطلع وتحلف اليمين تقوم بدل اما تحارب عشان الناس اللي محبوسة وده اللي الناس طالباه اصلاً وتكسب الشعب في صفك وتثبت ان الشعب هو اللي بيحركك،تقوم تعمل حركة زي بتاعة مجلس الشعب دي؟!
طب اهي كانت النتيجة انك عملت انقسام بين الناس بين اللي بيحاول يحافظ على بواقي لاستقلال واحترام القضاء،اللي انت بعد كده احترمته لما حكم ببطلان قرارك، وبين مؤيد ومعارض لقرارك،و انا عن نفسي بقيت بئك ان قراراتك من دماغك لأن اي حد عنده اي قدر من ذكاء او دهاء سياسي كان هيعمل حاجة الشعب طالبها حتى لو كانت ستؤدي لصدام بينك وبين المجلس العسكري كنت ساعتها استملت الشعب ليك وكان الشعب ساندك بضغط شعبي عملك وزن قدام المجلس اللي واكل عليك نص صلاحياتك...
ارجع للشعب يا مرسي، مشي كلام الشعب فوقيك لو حكمت،ده اللي هينجدك ويقف جنبك مهما حصل،لا جماعة ولا حزب ولا مجلس هيقف جنبك لو الشعب قلب عليك وليك في مبارك عبرة،و ليك في القذافي ،وان شاء الله قريب بشار كمان، عبرة.
الشعب يا مرسي،ده السند وده السلاح وده الوزن اللي بجد..

ملحوظة: المقالة دي اتكتبت قبل اما مرسي يصدر عفو عن ٥٠٠ شخص من سجون العسكر...بس فضلت انشرها..اهو يبقى رأيي طلع

اتخابات الرئاسة..نهاية صراع ام بداية آخر

تشهد مصر الآن ثاني اهم مراحل بناء دولتها الديموقراطية بعد انتخابات مجلس الشعب الي جاءت بمجلس زي الفل خفض سن زواج البنات ل١٢ سنة وجعل اغلاق مواقع السكس على قائمة اهتماماته..ربنا يتمم تاني خطوة دي على خير.
المهم اننا دلوقتي بنشهد انتخابات رئاسة بجد..على الاقل مقارنة بانتخابات الرئاسة الي اقيمت في عهد مبارك للمتشائمين يعني اللي شايفين ان مفيش فايدة وكله زي بعضه..
وهنا،بعد مناظرة عمرو موسى و ابو الفتوح وبعد احداث العباسية ومسلسل حازم صلاح ابو اسماعيل يطرح سؤال نفسه..هل بعد انتخابات الرئاسة ستتحد القوى الثورية وراء رئيس انتخبه الشعب ويساندوه في صراع محتمل ضد العسكر؟واصلا هل العسكر هيعاندوا في تسليم السلطة؟ولا هيحاولوا يحتفظوا بشيء من السلطة والمكانة ليهم و ربما حاجة تيمحلهم يبقوا فوق القانون زي ماكان في تركيا اللي من كام شهر عملت احتفالية للقبض على جنرال خطط للاطاحة بالنظام وعمل انقلاب لأن دي حاجة كانت خيال بالسبة ليهم انهم يشوفوا جنرال مقبوض عليه؟
والاسوأ،هل اصلاً القوى الثورية هتتحد؟و كل واحد مرشحه خصسر في الانتخابات هيقولك دي اتزورت لصالح فلان ويتظاهر؟ ويسقط الرئيس القادم قبل اما يجي اصلاً؟ ماهو ده حصل في دعم مرشح اثبتت كل الاوراق انه ماينفعش يترشح للرئاسة،و رغم اعتراضي على القانون الى حد ما بس اعتراضي من عدمه مش هيفرق في الواقع اللي بيقول ان ده قانون و موجود واللي في ايده سلطة تغيير القوانين لم بهتم غير بالسكس والانجليزي الي طلع تعليمه مؤامرة خارجية..طلع القانون من وراه او من قدامه مش فارقة،هو اصلاً ماكانش مركز في الحاجات التافهة دي وكان فاكر انه كده بيضرب مرشح تاني خالص انسحب من الانتخابات لانه شايفها مهزلة.
مجرد نداء على مدونة محطش كتير بيقراها،اي كان الرئيس القادم،مادام حد ثوري نقف وراه عشان نحاول نطلع ن الدوامة اللي حاططنا فيها الاعسكر وبيحاول يهز من شعبية الثورة والثوار،و ان مانجحش دلوقتي في معظم الاماكن بكرة ينجح
وبالنسبة للي شايف انها مهزلة ومايصحش نشارك وهلم جرا، انا شايف ان دي معركة وفي الاول وفي الآخر مفيش هروب من معركة بيحلها او بيخلي نسبة نجاحك وفوزك فيها يعلى،لأنك لو سبت المعركة وقلت دي مهزلة،هيكسبها شفيق او عمرو موسى وهو حاطط بجل على رجل،وبدل اما نتحد مع واحد ضد العسكر (وحتى لو مش ناوي يقف ضد العسكر لو استدعى الامر،على الاقل لو ضغطنا عليه هيستجيب احسن من عمرو او شفيق)
اتمنى ان احنا نتحد ورا واحد نتفق عليه، معظمنا على الاقل.

امضي هنا يا دكتور

احلى عبارة ممكن تسمعها كطالب طب في يوم دراسي..مش لانها جملة جميلة او معبرة عن آمال او احاسيس..انما ببساطة لانه معناها انه أخد غيابه..يعني ممكن يروح..يقعد مع اصحابه في اي حتة و مش هيتاخد "إستيفا" او "إستيفاء" في آخر السنة.
وللي مايعرفش،نظام الإستيفا في نظري هو النظام الفتاك اللي نجح يخلي طالب الطب مايفرقش في تفكيره عن موظف حكومة،مش قصدي اهين اي موظف حكومة،كلهم هلى عيني و على راسي،انا اقصد ان طالب الطب لم يعد مهتم بالمادة العلمية اللي في الراوند او المحاضرة،بقى كل همه انه يمضي قدامواسمه في ورقة تحدد اذا كان هيمتحن في آخر السنة او الراوند ولا هيضطر يحضر كورس عملي مكثف في الكلية.
انا عن نفسي شايف ان نظام الاستيفا ده حل "تيك اواي" على رأي المحلات بتاعة السندوتشات..بدل اما الدكاترة يشوفوا انت مش بتحضر ليه،وبدل اما يحاول يطور من نفسه،الاسهل بالنسبة له انه يجبرك على الحضور و ده في ايده، بانه يعملك غياب
المفروض انك تبقى عايز،كطالب طب، تحضر الراوند او المحاضرة لانه مفيد بالنسبة لك، مش عشان خاطر تاخد غياب والغياب بدرجات و..و..و..
سياسة الحل السريع هي المتبعة في كلية نظام التعليم فيها والامتحان يجبرك على انك تحاول تاخد المعلومة تحفظها على انك تفهمها و تطبقها و تعملها "سكيم" عشان تقدر تفتكر اللي هتكتبه لانك لو فاهمه مش هتقدر تفتكره لان اصلا نظام الامتحان ووقته مايديلككش فرصة انك تفتكره من خلال فهمك ليه
سياسة الحل السريع هي اللي خلت دكتور يسخر من طالبة عشان معاها كتاب للمادة مش هو اللي طبعه القسم،و يقولها مين اللي عامل الكتاب ده قالته دمتور فلان،قالها مفيش اصلا دكنور بالاسم ده و هاهاهاها هو والطلبة في الراوند
سياسة الحل السريع هي اللي خلته يسخر بدل اما يمسك الكتاب و يبص فيه بصة صغيرة عشان يعرف ليه هي كطالبة فضلت الكتاب ده عن كتاب القسم،او حتى يسألها اشتريتيه ليه يا بنتي او عاجبك فيه ايه عشان يطور من نفسه
الموضوع ببساطة هي كلية عايزة الطلبة حافظين وبيحضروا محاضرات عشان الاستاذ يبقى نفسه مفتوحة وهو بيتكلم والطلبة عايزين طريقة يحفظوا بيها عشان يعدوا
النتيجة هي علاقة بين الطالب والاستاذ زي علاقة واحدة عارفة ان جوزها بيخونها بس ساكتة عشان لو اتكلمت ممكن البيت يخرب او ببساطة مكبرة دماغها لان جوزها بيجيبلها هدايا و اي حاجة هي عايزاها
طالب بيضحك على اساتذة بالحضور ويحضر كورسات عشان يعرف يحفظ حلو ويجاوب في الامتحان
بعض الدكاترة نوَّهوا انهم بيحاولوا يبذلوا اقصى جهد في المحاضرة لكن الحضور مش حلو(لو المحاضرة مافيهاش غياب)..كلام جميل بس فيه مشكلة،دايما صعب تغير سمعة واحد،يعني بالفعل الكلية خدت سمعة ان ٨٠٪ من الاساتذة مش بيشرحوا قد كده وبالتالي بقيت ال٢٠٪ بيضيع وسط النسبة الاكبر،كمان لو الاساتذة ابتدوا يتحسنوا،مش هيلاقوا الطلبة جايين تاني يوم،الموضوع هياخد وقت زي ما سمعة و صيت دكتور فاتح عيادة جديد بتاخد وقت على ماينتشر ويتعرف
الهدف ان الكلية تغير رؤيتها للكورسات من انها حاجة غلط الطالب بيعملها لانها حاجة المفروض تنافسها، وده مش في الكليات بس، ده في نظام التعليم كله..عايز الطالب يجيلك؟شوفه ايه اللي بيخليه يروح لغيرك.
حادثتين برضه اخب اقولهم كده في وسط الكلام:
اول واحطة ان كان فيه دكتور جراحة الطلبة بيفهموا منه اوي وطلبوا انه يعملهم محاضرات زيادة،حاجة زي توتوريال (toturial)كده وبعد اما اتفقوا معاه و ظبطوا امورهم رسمي، جه مجلس القسم انعقد ولاغي محاضرات الدكتور الزيادة دي...بالاجماع!!
تاني واحدة زي دي بالظبط،دكتور مايكروبايولوجي الطلبة بتفهم منه و بيحبوه، لغوا محاضراته و لغوا التوتوريال بتاعه!! (بس معرفش بالاجماع برضه ولا مجرد اغلبية، و في الحالتين وكسة)
في النهاية،الموضوع له حل وبالفعل كلية طب المنصورة ،ان لم تخني ذاكرتي، طبقته وهي انها تعمل حاجة زي مشاركة او تعاون او زمالة بين كلية اجنبية و الكلية الحكومية دي، تستفيد منها في تنظيم المناهج و اساليب الدراسة و النظم و الخ الخ..لان حتى المناهج بتاعتنا ككليات طب تعبانة في المحتوى والتطور،لان التاب فبه معلومات معدش حد بيستخدمها..
برشه ملحوظة اخيرة احب اضيفها، ان طالب الطب (او على الاقل انا) بيخاف يقرأ اي معلومات طبية خارج الكتاب لانه لو كتبها في الامتحان بالغلط هينقص و مش بعيد يسقط ولو كان كاتب نفس اللي في الكتاب بس الاسلوب بس هو المختلف او التنظيم بتاع المعلومة مختلف..و دي أسوأ حاجة ممكن تحصل لطالب في مجال المفروض هيشتغل فيه و يتخصص فيه بعد كده، انه يبقى خايف من العلم لانه لو فهمه و اتعامل بيه و استعمله، هيلقى عقاب شديد على شكل درجات مهدرة كفيلة بانها تغير مستقبل حياته في بلد شهادات و درجات حتى لو كان صاحب الشهادات و الدرجات دي ابله..